Using the Definite Article in Spanish When English Doesnt

English has one definite article — the — but Spanish isnt so simple. Spanish has five definite articles, varying with number and gender: Singular masculine: elSingular feminine: laSingular neuter: loPlural  neuter or masculine: losPlural feminine: las A definite article is a function word that comes before a noun to indicate that a particular being or thing is being referred to. Although there are a few exceptions, as a general rule a definite article is used in Spanish whenever the is used in English. But Spanish also uses a definite article in many situations where English does not. Although the following list isnt exhaustive, and there are exceptions to some of these rules, here are the major instances where Spanish includes a definite article absent in English. Using Definite Articles to Refer to All Members of a Group When referring to objects or persons of a class in general, the definite article is needed. Los leones son felinos. (Lions are felines.)Los americanos quieren hacer dinero. (Americans want to make money.)Las madres son como rayos de sol. (Mothers are like sun rays.) Note that this use of the definite article can create ambiguity that isnt present in English. For example, depending on the context, Las fresas son rojas can mean either that strawberries in general are red or that some particular strawberries are red. Using Definite Articles With Nouns Representing Concepts In English, the article is often omitted with abstract nouns and nouns used in a general sense, ones that refer more to a concept than a tangible item. But it still is needed in Spanish. La ciencia es importante. (Science is important.)Creo en la justicia. (I believe in justice.)Estudio la literatura. (I study literature.)La primavera es bella. (Spring is beautiful.) Using Definite Articles With Personal Titles The definite article is used before most titles of a person being talked about. El presidente Trump vive en la Casa Blanca. (President Trump lives in the White House.)Voy a la oficina de la doctora Gonzà ¡lez. (Im going to the office of Dr. Gonzalez.)Mi vecina es la seà ±ora Jones. (My neighbor is Mrs. Jones.) The article is omitted, however, when directly addressing the person. Profesora Barrera,  ¿cà ³mo està ¡ usted? (Professor Barrera, how are you?) Using Definite Articles With Days of the Week Days of the week are always masculine. Except in constructions where the day of the week follows a form of ser (a verb for to be), as in Hoy es martes (Today is Tuesday), the article is needed. Vamos a la escuela los lunes. (We go to school on Mondays.)El tren sale el mià ©rcoles. (The train leaves on Wednesday.) Using Infinitives With Names of Languages The article generally is used before names of languages. But it can be omitted immediately following a verb that is used often with languages, such as hablar (to speak), or after the preposition en. El inglà ©s es la lengua de Belice. (English is the language of Belize.)El alemà ¡n es difà ­cil. (German is difficult.)Hablo bien el espaà ±ol. (I speak Spanish well. But: Hablo espaà ±ol for I speak Spanish.) Using Definite Articles With Some Place Names Although the definite article is seldom mandatory with place names, it is used with many of them. As can be seen in this list of country names, the use of the definite article can seem arbitrary. La Habana es bonita. (Havana is pretty.)La India tiene muchas lenguas. (India has many languages.)El Cairo es la capital de Egipto, conocida oficialmente como Al-Qà ¤hirah. (Cairo is the capital of Egypst, known officially as Al-Qà ¤hirah.) The definite article los is optional when referring to Estados Unidos (the United States). Using Definite Articles With Nouns Joined by Y In English, it usually isnt necessary to include the before each noun in a series. But Spanish often requires the definite article in a way that would seem repetitious in English. La madre y el padre està ¡n felices. (The mother and father are happy.)Comprà © la silla y la mesa. (I bought the chair and table.) Key Takeaways English has single definite article, the. Spanish has five: el, la, lo, los, and las.Spanish requires the definite article in various situations where it isnt used in English.Masculine articles are used with days of the week, infinitives, and names of languages.

The Real Truth Expensive Health Food Vs. Cheap Junk Food

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Use of Technology in Business Organisations Sample for Students

Question: Identify Dynamic Capabilities in your Organization. Use Teece, Pisano, and Shuen's paper to Justify Why and How these Capabilities are Contributing to Competitive Advantage and Outline how they differ from resources as Identified by Barney. Answer: Introduction: The following report is going to analyse the potential changes of technology in business organisation with special reference to the National Commercial Bank of Saudi Arabia. The National Commercial Bank is the second largest bank in the country in the country pioneering Islamic banking and finance in the world. NCB (National Commercial Bank) of Saudi owns 15% share of Initial Public Offering (IPO) in the country. since the bank has been serving the public since 1953, it has sought for certain infrastructural changes that was driven by the procurement and architecture of technological advancement within the organisation. Technology in the banking sectors is highly recommended so as to get hold of the national economic and commercial system as well as to investigate the monetary movement in the country as well as the whole world. Usually banking technology is associated with ICT (Information and Communication Technology) and data Base Management. In order to attract greater number of c ustomers to the bank through the ease of banking performances and customer relations, change in the mode of technology is stringently essential. Technological changes bring together the innovation of products as well the innovation of process. Both the product and process innovation is amalgamated in order to improve the customer service and product efficiency of the organisation. Since the banks product is its services provided to the customers, the main aim is to be efficient enough in improving the quality through technological intervention. J.B. Barneys Model of Competitive Advantage: J.B Barney has looked into the complexities of competitive advantage of an organisation. It needs to be identified whether the case organisation has the dynamic capabilities to make a certain change in course of technological uses. After the losses during the economic crisis, most of the commercial banks in the world have been seeking technological refuge from the greater organisation so as to restore the positive situation for the sake of commercial and economic ease in the market. according to Teece, dynamic capabilities of the become quite critical and difficult in the development of environments that facilitates international commerce. In order to overcome the economic shocks the National Commercial Bank has created a design of a model of technological changes so that the economic circulation can be generated. Devising strategies for Technological Changes: Different strategies have been initiated in order to meet the customer demands. These strategies are generally devised by the managers of the organisation. The strategies include customer care service, investment service and loan recovery service. However, certain shift to advanced technology can help the banks recover all the data pertaining to the commercial practices. According to the scholars like Richard Daveni, Giovanni Battista and Ken smith, an organisation can develop the temporary advantages on its own through the adoption of new technologies. The difference between competitive advantage and temporary advantage creates a vacuum for the organisation during its commercial performance (Lone, Aldawood Bhat, 2017). Replacement of Older Practice: The decision of revamping old way of commercial practice in the banking sector with the newly developed ideas depends upon the banks approach towards the acceptance of modern technologies. Banking technologies such as eBanking platform, eCommerce, In order to serve the clients in a much faster and smoother ways the NCB Saudi has adopted and accepted different technological advantages in its performing course. Starting from plastic money circulation to cashless economic standards, NCB has been trying to achieve the highest level of excellence thus moving ahead to the competitive advantage (Martins, Oliveira Popovi?, 2014). The other technological acceptance has been identified through the implementation of remote banking, signature retrieval facilities and centralisation of client information (Johnston Marshall, 2016). Dynamic capabilities: The practice of dynamic capabilities in National Bank of Commerce has been identified in regards to the use of technologies that has been incorporated within their operational structure (Lawrence, 2017). National Bank of Commerce is considered as one of the established financial institutions of Middle East Asia with an extensive service over its different parts. The context of the capabilities correlates to the discourse of corporate turnaround phenomenon. This process involves the appreciation and involvement of more resources in order to determine the perspective of the commercial processes that undergoes in a profitable institution. According to the Schboenberg and several other scholars, The resource based view and dynamic capability perspectives could provide insightful lenses to explore turnaround (Schoenberg et al., 2013). Resource Status: The status of the resources helps in determining the competitive proposition depending upon the assets and resources of the organization. Keeping congruency with the views of the competitive regulations has helped in sustaining the advantages of the other firms which deals in the similar type of services. The crucial factors that determine the deployment of integrated information management system can enhance the capability of resource management and supply chain management efficiency. In regards to the technological disruptions, the accessibility of the resource and other infrastructure of the organization retain the possibility of competitive advantage in a commercial setup (Baden-Fuller Haefliger, 2013). In order to get sustained competitive advantage of the market most of the firms are found to improve their business practices that have been quite influential in capitalising the technological engagement (Nor Pearson, 2015). National Commercial Bank of Saudi Arabia has been undergoing a constant process of technological improvement in collaboration with the federal policies. Since there are certain standards set by the government in terms of using technologies in the firms, the bank no doubt facilitates the customer with better level of advancement. Its resources, capability of using those resources and result of implementation altogether accelerates the speed of performance. There are two major objectives of technological implementation: i) Increase in the production method ii) Standardisation of rapid process Life Cycle: Life cycle in the technological usage upholds three states: introduction growth maturity decline In the period of introduction, newly adopted technologies are at its apex condition. Hence, it accelerates the growth of service delivery to the clients of the bank. On the contrary, it keeps dwindling down at times. At the time of growth of technological usage in the Bank, the process is made highly standard and the managers can provide innovation in process management. At its maturity stage, the technological usage is sleuthed pertaining to its level of capability. However, the amount and standardisation of innovation starts dwindling and it flows down in the declining stage. Environmental Analysis: The first local bank of Saudi Arabia, the National Commercial bank has been one of the major contributors to the sustainable business practices. In case of its changing attitudes towards technologies, the bank has adopted new strategies to contribute to its economic surrounding. In order to strengthen customer relationship, the bank has been creating a new realm of its own so that it can remain undefeated in the market of competition. National Commercial Bank tries to set a standard of its own so that its further regulations can only be improved up to utter betterment. Conclusion: It can thus be concluded that the technological changes in consideration with the understanding of competitive and contemporary advantage in the market, the National Commercial Bank propagates its structural strategies for innovation of technological usage among the internal stakeholders so that the standard of business practice remains upward moving. Reference: Baden-Fuller, C., Haefliger, S. (2013). Business models and technological innovation.Long range planning,46(6), 419-426. Hatch, N. W., Howland, C. (2015, January). When Does Competitive Advantage Improve Customer Welfare?. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 18091). Academy of Management. Johnston, M. W., Marshall, G. W. (2016).Sales force management: Leadership, innovation, technology. Routledge. Lawrence. (2017). jifsjm.org. Retrieved 15 April 2017, from Jifsjm.org. Retrieved 15 April 2017, from https://www.jifsjm.org/downloads/dynamic-capabilities-for-bank-turnaround Lone, F. A., Aldawood, E. M., Bhat, U. R. (2017). Comparative Analysis of Customer Satisfaction towards Islamic and conventional banking: An empirical Study from Saudi Arabia.International Review of Management and Marketing,7(1). Martins, C., Oliveira, T., Popovi?, A. (2014). Understanding the Internet banking adoption: A unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and perceived risk application.International Journal of Information Management,34(1), 1-13. Nor, K. M., Pearson, J. M. (2015). The influence of trust on internet banking acceptance.The Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce,2007.